View source for Madame Louise "Lou" Graham

Madame Louise "Lou" Graham (1861-1903[1,2]) owned a bordello located in Pioneer Square in [[Seattle, Washington]] (the area was known then as Whitechapel, "Tenderloin District", "Seattle's Tenderloin", or Red-Light District). Robert Abrams, a Territorial Legislator, sold land at a corner on Fourth and S. Washington, to who he believed was a man named Lou. Graham for $3000 in 1885[3]. After the Great Seattle Fire in 1889, Lou Graham rebuilt her business spending $25,000 to construct a three-story brick building[4], today known as the Washington Court Building at Third and S. Washington. Her business is only remembered as Lou Graham's Parlor. Madame Lou passed away in [[San Francisco]] in 1903. 

Lou Graham would hire others who lived at her venue as seamstresses offering tailoring services, a cover for sex workers at the time. Lou herself had a romantic relationship and partnership with another woman, Amber Delmas[5], and she hired, possibly, transgender women who would be requested by clients as "the lady in the black dress". Lou Graham never became a citizen of the United States, a German immigrant, and had no known children while here[6,7] but may have an adopted daughter[8]. Her possessions were challenged by relatives in Germany but, without citizenship, all her property in Washington could acquired by the state through escheatment. Abrams, who sold her the lot in 1885, attempted to seize her property claiming the title he gave her was invalid as she never had citizenship[9].  The matter was debated for years[10,11,12,13]. 

Lou Graham hired Chinese and Japanese servants as cooks and other laborers, two of which demanded unpaid wages in the breakup of her estate[14]. One of them also reported to have loaned her $800 which was never paid back.

=== Police Raids ===

In 1891, Lou was acquitted at an attempt to close the business but many police including the chief refused to testify against the character of the women or the parlor, the jury reached a not-guilty verdict within three minutes[15]. The business was subject to many raids and arrests throughout its lifetime[16,17]. Many times these were for charges of selling liquor without a license, which were charges paid for through fines[18,19].

=== Other Stories ===

Lou Graham petitioned the city to widen the sidewalks at Fourth and Washington in 1890[20]. In 1894, she had a diamond necklace and other jewelry of such significant value that it was known to the point which robbers plotted to take but were unsuccessful and captured by police[21].

== Gallery ==

=== Madame Lou Graham's Parlor and Seattle's "Seamstresses" (1888) ===

Madame Lou Graham (seated left), along with other "seamstresses" at her parlor.

<gallery>
File:Madame-lou-graham-seattle.jpg
</gallery>


== Sources == 
# Secretary of State, [https://www.digitalarchives.wa.gov/Record/View/E906DD85C047AB466162ADD255102124 "King County Auditor, Death Records, 1891-1907"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84025811/1903-03-13/ed-1/seq-3/ "The Seattle Republican, March 13, 1903, Image 3": "Personal"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045611/1885-10-06/ed-1/seq-2/ "Seattle daily post-intelligencer, October 06, 1885, Image 2": "Brevities"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1891-06-06/ed-1/seq-12/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, June 06, 1891, Page 12, Image 12": "Two Years After - What Has Been Accomplished Since the Great Fire"]
# Libbie Hawker, "Madam" (2018) Historical Note And Acknowledgements
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88085421/1904-07-22/ed-1/seq-3/ "The Evening statesman, July 22, 1904, Image 3": "State to Get Lou Graham Estate"]
# University of Washington, [https://digitalcollections.lib.washington.edu/digital/collection/ptleader/id/1261 "Port Townsend Daily Leader No. 219 (July 21, 1904)": "H.H. Eaton Gets Into Difficulty"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87093407/1903-03-17/ed-1/seq-1/ "The Seattle star, March 17, 1903, Image 1": "Lou Graham's Real Name Was Oben"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88085421/1905-07-15/ed-1/seq-1/ "The Evening statesman, July 15, 1905, Image 1": "Fee From Graham Estate"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84025811/1904-08-26/ed-1/seq-5/ "The Seattle Republican, August 26, 1904, Image 5": "Political Pot-Pie"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84025811/1905-01-27/ed-1/seq-2/ "The Seattle Republican, January 27, 1905, Image 2"]
# University of Washington, [https://digitalcollections.lib.washington.edu/digital/collection/ptleader/id/1568 "Port Townsend Daily Leader (August 21, 1904)": "Seattle Argus Gives Pointers on Eaton Matter"]
# University of Washington, [https://digitalcollections.lib.washington.edu/digital/collection/ptleader/id/1706 "Port Townsend Daily Leader (September 9, 1904)": "Eaton Draws First Blood in Graham Matter"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87093407/1903-04-24/ed-1/seq-8/ "The Seattle star, April 24, 1903, Page 8, Image 8": "Akkeny Wins Out - Made Permanent Administrator of Graham Estate"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1891-02-21/ed-1/seq-2/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, February 21, 1891, Image 2": "Whitechapel Women Win"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1889-07-21/ed-1/seq-8/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, July 21, 1889, Image 8": "Another Whitechapel Raid"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1892-04-13/ed-1/seq-8/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, April 13, 1892, Page 8, Image 8": "Paid Their License Money"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1891-01-13/ed-1/seq-5/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, January 13, 1891, Page 5, Image 5": "Illicit Liquor Selling"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1890-06-07/ed-1/seq-8/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, June 07, 1890, Page 8, Image 8": "The Police Courts"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1890-10-30/ed-1/seq-8/"The Seattle post-intelligencer, October 30, 1890, Page 8, Image 8": "Petitions"]
# Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1894-02-20/ed-1/seq-5/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, February 20, 1894, Page 5, Image 5": "To Rob Lou Graham"]
# Photo courtesy of Paul Dorpat and HistoryLink.org [https://www.historylink.org/File/2762 "Madame Lou Graham arrives in Seattle in February 1888."]

== Other References ==

=== Lou Graham ===
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1890-08-14/ed-1/seq-10/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, August 14, 1890, Page 10, Image 10": "Real Estate Transfers"]
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1890-10-06/ed-1/seq-7/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, October 06, 1890, Page 7, Image 7": "The Waterfront"]
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1890-11-01/ed-1/seq-8/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, November 01, 1890, Image 8": "Tax on Whitechapel"]
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1890-12-06/ed-1/seq-5/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, December 06, 1890, Page 5, Image 5": "Real Estate Transfers"]
* Library of Congress, "The Seattle post-intelligencer, January 01, 1891, Page 5, Image 5": "Stores and Homes - Prodigious Activity In All Building Lines"
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1891-02-15/ed-1/seq-8/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, February 15, 1891, Page 8, Image 8": "After Bad Women"]
* Library of Congress, "The Seattle post-intelligencer, February 15, 1891, Page 8, Image 8": "The First Woman Tried"
* Library of Congress, "The morning call, February 21, 1891, Page 8, Image 8": "Lenient Juries"
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1891-07-21/ed-1/seq-8/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, July 21, 1891, Page 8, Image 8": "Brevities"]
* Library of Congress, "The Seattle post-intelligencer, January 14, 1892, Page 5, Image 5": "Tried for Selling Without License"
* Library of Congress, "The Seattle post-intelligencer, January 15, 1892, Page 8, Image 8": "Breveties"
* Library of Congress, "The Seattle post-intelligencer, October 30, 1892, Page 3, Image 3"
* Library of Congress, "The Seattle post-intelligencer, December 16, 1892, Page 5, Image 5"
* Library of Congress, "The Seattle post-intelligencer, October 12, 1893, Page 8, Image 8"
* Library of Congress, "The Seattle post-intelligencer, January 13, 1896, Image 7": "Waterfront Notes"
* Library of Congress, "The Seattle post-intelligencer, January 31, 1896, Page 7, Image 7": "Passengers on the Umatilla"
* Library of Congress, "The Seattle post-intelligencer, May 01, 1898, Page 3, Image 3"
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88085421/1905-03-27/ed-1/seq-2/ "The Evening statesman, March 27, 1905, Page TWO, Image 2": "To Fight for the Estate"]

=== Lou Graham's Parlor ===
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1889-08-16/ed-1/seq-4/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, August 16, 1889, Image 4": "The Whitechapel District"]
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1890-02-21/ed-1/seq-8/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, February 21, 1890, Image 8": "Victim of a Syren"]
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1890-04-12/ed-1/seq-6/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, April 12, 1890, Page 6, Image 6": "Henry Kierski Disappears"]
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1890-04-25/ed-1/seq-5/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, April 25, 1890, Page 5, Image 5"]
* Library of Congress, [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1890-08-29/ed-1/seq-9/ "The Seattle post-intelligencer, August 29, 1890, Image 9": "A Stolen Diamond"]